kali saya akan memposting tentang conjunction, berhubung kelompok kami( kelompok structure 2).itu adalah pembagian menurut pa hendrik maruanaya. ok tak usah berbasa-basi, langsung aja yaaaaa.
A. The Meaning Of Conjunctions Or Discourse Makers
Discourse makers/ conjunctions are the
words used to connect words, phrases even clauses. Conjunctions or discourse
makers play an important part in sentences, words or any clauses. it means that
if we want to combine two syllables or phrases even clauses,
the important thing must be regarded is conjunctions or discourse makers, for
example : heri and I
Conjunctions or discourse
makers are not variable, meaning that they are not changed in plural or
singular and they has no gender such as nouns or pronouns. In english,
conjunctions or discourse maker sare used to combine sentences,clauses or two
different sentences in an equel level or vice versa.
B. The Kinds Of Conjunction Or
Discourse Maker
in
English, conjunctions or discourse makers are devided into two parts, they are
:
1. Coordinating Conjunctions
Coordinating
conjunctions are conjunctions used to connect two sentences or words that have
the same degree level or it is called correlative conjunction. Coordinating
conjunctions are devided into four parts, they are :
a. Cumulative
conjunctions
Cumulative conjunctions are conjunctive group that is used to
add or collect. for example :
Ø
And I drive her glad and make her happy
Ø
Also I also would like to talk you.
Ø
Both…and Both
I and hery go to school
Ø
And
also he drives me borring and also angry
Ø
As
well as you as well as he gulty for doing a crime
Ø
Likewise he hits you hardly likewise he does it to me
Ø
Moreover he hates you a lot moreover he hates me
b. Alternative Conjunction
Alternative conjunctions are
conjunctive group that used to show the meaning of alternative or
selection between two or more.
Ø Or
you can elect me or she as a
leader
Ø Less…than… james
is less handsome than elliot
Ø Wether…or wether you will go out or stay at home?
Ø Neither you can go out, neither can I
Ø Either…or either you take rest or you will get more tired
Ø Neither…nor neither I eat nor drink
Ø Etc,
c. Adversative
Conjunctions
Adversative conjunctions are group implies the conjunction of conflict
between one part of the sentence with the other sentences.for example :
Ø
But I
have told her all I know but he never heard me
Ø
Yet I
ever took him to the hospital yet he is trying to forget it
Ø
Whereas they hurt me whereas I have showed
my hardest
Ø
While
I was doing last preparation while he came
Ø
Only Andi
is the only one student who understands what the teacher teach
Ø
However I want to take you to the hospital however
I have to finish my task before
Ø
Nevertheless She is a good girl nevertheless she
sometimes makes mistakes
Ø
Etc,
d. Illative conjunction
Illative
conjunction is conjunctive group that used to show cause (effect) of an event or other act or indicates a conclusion.for example :
Ø
Therefore
he is busy now therefore he can not meet you
Ø
So
the teaher has finished the lesson so it’s time to go out
Ø
Then
after I have studied English at school then I go back home
Ø
Accordingly the
headmasteris busy, accordingly he can not see you
Ø
Thus
my shirt is wet, thus I will change it
Ø
Because
of I can not go out because of
rain
Ø
Regardless
of I
bring an umbrella regardless of weather
Ø
Etc,
Because of
In spite
of +
noun / noun phrase
Regardless of
|
Example :
Ø
We
could not go out because of the rain
Ø
Willy
does not wear an umbrella in spite of the rain
Ø
I
bring an umbrella regardless of the
weather
2. Subordinating conjunction
Subordinating conjunction is conjunction used to to connect two
sentences are not equal.the position of both of them is as dependent clause and
main/independent clause. Dependent clause is always began by subordinating conjunction that can not stand alone, and main/ independent clause can stand alone.
in general this type of conjunction,
derived from prepositions,
especially in the
form of conjunctions of time.
The kinds
of subordinating conjunctions :
a. Cause or reason
They
are : as, because, for, since, whereas, etc…
Example
:
INDEPENDENT
CLAUSE
|
CONJUNCTION
|
DEPENDENT
CLAUSE
|
This
bird will fly
|
Since
|
It
has wings
|
I
can not go
|
Because
|
I am
ill
|
I
can not go to school
|
Whereas
|
He
can
|
He
gets a lot of awards
|
As
|
he
is an actor
|
b. Comparation
Comparation is conjunction used to indicate the nature of the sentence level (same or different),the conjunctions classified
in this comparation are :
Ø
As….as
Ø
As
well as
Ø
Rather…than
Ø
Etc,
1) The same level :
Ø
I am as tall as you (are)
Ø
She is
as beatiful as you (are)
2) The different level
Ø
He is smarter
than I (am)
Ø She is rather
wise than he (is)
c. condition
condition is conjunction
used to show about requirement.
Example :if,
provided,unless, etc..
INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
|
CONJUNCTION
|
DEPENDENT CALUSE
|
I will fly
|
Provided
|
I have wings
|
He will write
|
unless
|
He hears the fact
|
I will eat the food through
|
if
|
I am hungry
|
d. manner
manner
is conjunction used to show the way or extent
example
:as, how, according, as far as, etc
INDEPENDENT
CLAUSE
|
CONJUNCTION
|
DEPENDENT
CLAUSE
|
I
will reap
|
as
|
I
sow
|
The
taxi has not arrived yet
|
As
far as
|
I
know
|
e. consession
consession
is conjunction used to show about succumb or surrender
Example : although, even though, however, nevertheless, etc..
INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
|
CONJUNCTION
|
DEPENDENT CLAUSE
|
You work hard
|
Even though
|
You are tired
|
He will like to go
|
however
|
He has not any money
|
f. purpose
Purpose is conjunction
used to show about aims and objectives
example :
that, in order that, so that, lest, etc..
INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
|
CONJUNCTION
|
DEPENDENT CLAUSE
|
They will eat
|
So that
|
They may live
|
I study hard
|
In order that
|
I become clever
|
g. time
Time is conjunction used
to show about time
example : as, as soon as,
while, as long as, until etc
INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
|
CONJUNCTION
|
DEPENDENT CLAUSE
|
He will help me
|
As long as
|
He is hire
|
I will wait you
|
until
|
sampai
|
h. result
result is conjunction to
show about effect or influence
example :
that,etc
DEPENDENT CLAUSE
|
CONJUNCTION
|
INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
|
I run fastly
|
That
|
I finish firstly
|
i. apposition
example :
that, etc…
DEPENDENT CLAUSE
|
CONJUNCTION
|
INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
|
I promise
|
that
|
I will come soon
|
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